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Microsoft Word Document What Is Energy? Review of Energy Forms Article Quiz

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The mission of Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews is to communicate the almost interesting and relevant critical thinking in renewable and sustainable energy in guild to bring together the inquiry community, the private sector and policy and determination makers. The aim of the journal is to share issues, solutions, novel ideas and technologies to support sustainable development, the transition to a depression carbon future and achieve our emissions targets as established by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Modify.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews publishes review papers, original research, case studies and new technology analyses that have a significant review chemical element, which may take the form of a critique, comparing, or analysis. The journal also publishes a new paper blazon, Skilful Insights, which are commissioned mini-reviews from field leaders on topics of meaning interest. Case studies volition only be considered if they also demonstrate the applicability of the work to other regions and/or inform the broader field of renewable and sustainable energy. A bibliographic or literature review, without critical thinking is not considered suitable.

The journal considers manufactures on the following themes, provided the link to renewable and sustainable energy is clear and thoroughly examined:

Energy resources - bioresources (eastward.m. biomass, waste), fossil fuels (including natural gas), geothermal, hydrogen, hydropower, nuclear, marine and body of water free energy, solar and wind

Applications - buildings, industry and transport including data communication systems

Utilization - batteries, conversion technologies, fuel cells, storage technologies, technical developments and technology scaling

Surround - atmosphere, climate issues, meteorology, mitigation technologies (eastward.g. carbon capture and storage (CCS), carbon capture and utilization (CCU), solar radiation management)

Techno-socio-economical aspects - health, industry, policy, political, regulatory, social (e.yard. access, education, equality, disinterestedness)

Systems - carbon accounting, free energy-food-water nexus, energy modelling, life cycle assessment (LCA), nutrient-energy-h2o (NEW) nexus, smart infrastructure

Sustainability - the United Nations Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs)

Space systems - satellite applied science, planetary exploration and abode, ecology protection of space and the solar system

Ocean systems - sea technology, body of water exploration, environmental protection of the ocean.

This journal welcomes contributions that support and advance the United nations's sustainable development goals, in item SDG 7 (Affordable and clean energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action)

The mission of Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews is to communicate the nigh interesting and relevant disquisitional thinking in renewable and sustainable energy in social club to bring together the research community, the individual sector and policy and conclusion makers. The aim of the journal is to share problems, solutions, novel ideas and technologies to back up the transition to a low carbon hereafter and attain our global emissions targets as established by the Un Framework Convention on Climate Change.


The journal considers articles on the post-obit themes, provided the link to renewable and sustainable free energy is clear and thoroughly examined:

  • Applications - buildings, industry and transport
  • Energy resources - bioresources (due east.g. biomass, waste matter), fossil fuels (including natural gas), geothermal, hydrogen, hydropower, nuclear, marine and bounding main free energy, materials, solar and wind
  • Environment - temper, climate issues, meteorology, mitigation technologies (due east.g. carbon capture and storage (CCS), carbon capture and utilization (CCU), solar radiation direction)
  • Education - informing society including policy makers and decision-makers and teaching undergraduates and postgraduates on matters relating to renewable and sustainable energy
  • Systems - carbon accounting, free energy-nutrient-water nexus, energy modelling, life cycle assessment (LCA), food-energy-water (NEW) nexus, smart infrastructure including smart cities
  • Sustainability - the United nations Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs)
  • Techno-socio-economic aspects - health, industry, markets, policy, political, regulatory, social (e.g. admission, education, equality, disinterestedness)
  • Utilization - batteries, conversion technologies, fuel cells, storage

Types of Paper

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews publishes 'Addendum,' 'Editorials,' 'Full-length articles' (i.eastward. complete report on original research), 'Retractions/Corrigendum' and 'Review manufactures.' The journal also publishes two specific article types, 'Good Insights', a mini-review and 'Cutting Edge', a concise research article. These articles are by invitation only from the Editor in Chief to field leaders on topics of meaning involvement. Special issue manufactures are also by invitation only and authors of papers submitted to a Special Issue must state conspicuously in their comprehend letter the commodity blazon (i.e. either a 'Review article' or 'Full-length article'). Case studies and new engineering analyses must accept a significant review element, which may take the form of a critique, comparison, or assay. Case studies will only be considered if they also demonstrate the applicability of the work to other regions and/or inform the broader field of renewable and sustainable energy. A instance study will be classified as a 'Full-length article'. A bibliographic or literature review, without critical thinking is non considered suitable. If an author selects an wrong commodity type, their paper can be rejected past the journal at whatever stage of consideration for publication. 'Perspectives' are an article type reserved for opinions, withal supported by evidence, but not always presenting new experimental findings. They are intended for shorter, more focussed cess, and while they may ignite debate they should yet be scientific and evidence-based.

Authors are responsible for selecting the correct commodity type when submitting their paper. Authors are also advised to state in their embrace alphabetic character and the 'RSER Author Checklist' to be submitted with all new manufactures effective November 2018. It is of import that the correct commodity blazon is selected as it feeds through the review and publishing process to the final commodity published and the article type assigned to the article for indexing. Note that the periodical no longer accepts two part articles (i.due east. ii split up submissions).

Paper Lengths - Every bit a guide, 'Total-length articles' should be between 4000 and 8000 words (excluding title, author names and affiliations, keywords, abbreviations, table/figure captions, acknowledgements and references) and 'Review manufactures' should be upwards to 10,000 words (excluding title, author names and affiliations, keywords, abbreviations, table/figure captions, acknowledgments and references). Authors must state the number of words in their manuscript at submission stage underneath the abstract every bit a 'give-and-take count.' Case studies as 'Full-length articles' should also exist between 4000 and 8000 words (excluding title, author names and affiliations, keywords, abbreviations, table/figure captions, acknowledgements and references). Expert Insights as mini-review article should be well-nigh four,000 (excluding championship, author names and affiliations, keywords, abbreviations, table/figure captions, acknowledgements and references). Cutting Edge as concise research articles should be about 4,000 (excluding title, writer names and affiliations, keywords, abbreviations, table/figure captions, acknowledgements and references). Any difference from the higher up word counts are by prior agreement with the Editor in Chief in advance just of making a submission.`Perspectives? are just to be submitted following invitation by the Editor-in-Chief, should aim to exist no longer than 3,000 words, citations should not exist too extensive, and generally they should be limited to iii-4 figures or tables.Word counts for Retractions/Corrigendum, Annex and Editorials are at the discretion of the Editor in Chief, again past prior agreement.

RSER Author Checklist

Use the Checklist here, to cheque if y'all take prepared your paper correctly. The GFA 'RSER Author Checklist Tabular array' must exist submitted along with the Cover Letter. All papers must exist in accordance with the GFA, if not they will automatically exist rejected. Check the relevant department in this GFA for more than details.

For further data, visit our Support Center.

Annunciation of competing interest

All authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their piece of work. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid practiced testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. Authors should complete the declaration of competing involvement statement using this template and upload to the submission organization at the Adhere/Upload Files step. Note: Please practice not convert the .docx template to another file type. Writer signatures are not required. If there are no interests to declare, delight choose the first option in the template. More than information.

Submission declaration and verification

Submission of an article implies that the piece of work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract, a published lecture or bookish thesis, run across 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more data), that it is not nether consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible regime where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, information technology will non be published elsewhere in the same course, in English or in whatsoever other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. To verify originality, your article may exist checked past the originality detection service Crossref Similarity Check.

Preprints
Please note that preprints can be shared anywhere at any time, in line with Elsevier's sharing policy. Sharing your preprints eastward.g. on a preprint server will not count as prior publication (come across 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more than information).

Preprint posting on SSRN

In support of Open Scientific discipline, this journal offers its authors a free preprint posting service. Preprints provide early on registration and dissemination of your research, which facilitates early citations and collaboration.

During submission to Editorial Director, you can choose to release your manuscript publicly as a preprint on the preprint server SSRN once it enters peer-review with the journal. Your choice will accept no effect on the editorial process or upshot with the journal. Please notation that the respective author is expected to seek approval from all co-authors before like-minded to release the manuscript publicly on SSRN.

You will exist notified via email when your preprint is posted online and a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is assigned. Your preprint volition remain globally available costless to read whether the journal accepts or rejects your manuscript.

For more than information about posting to SSRN, please consult the SSRN Terms of Use and FAQs.

Employ of inclusive linguistic communication

Inclusive linguistic communication acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities. Content should brand no assumptions almost the beliefs or commitments of whatsoever reader; contain cipher which might imply that 1 individual is superior to another on the grounds of historic period, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, inability or health condition; and use inclusive language throughout. Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, stereotypes, slang, reference to dominant culture and/or cultural assumptions. Nosotros advise to seek gender neutrality by using plural nouns ("clinicians, patients/clients") as default/wherever possible to avoid using "he, she," or "he/she." We recommend avoiding the employ of descriptors that refer to personal attributes such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, civilization, sexual orientation, disability or health condition unless they are relevant and valid. When coding terminology is used, nosotros recommend to avoid offensive or exclusionary terms such every bit "master", "slave", "blacklist" and "whitelist". We suggest using alternatives that are more appropriate and (self-) explanatory such as "primary", "secondary", "blocklist" and "allowlist". These guidelines are meant every bit a point of reference to aid identify appropriate language just are by no means exhaustive or definitive.

Author Contributions

For transparency, we encourage authors to submit an author statement file outlining their individual contributions to the newspaper using the relevant CRediT roles: Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Funding acquisition; Investigation; Methodology; Project administration; Resource; Software; Supervision; Validation; Visualization; Roles/Writing - original typhoon; Writing - review & editing. Authorship statements should be formatted with the names of authors first and CRediT office(south) following. More than details and an example

Multiple Corresponding AuthorsThe Journal permits two corresponding authors for a manuscript, however the second corresponding author must the senior supervisor of the grant/project. Changes to Authorship

Authors are expected to consider advisedly the list and society of authors before submitting their manuscript and provide the definitive list of authors at the time of the original submission. Any addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should be made only before the manuscript has been accepted and only if approved by the Editor-in-Chief. To request such a change, the Editor must receive the following from the respective author: (a) the reason for the change in writer list and (b) written confirmation (e-post, letter of the alphabet) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the example of add-on or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the writer being added or removed.
Just in exceptional circumstances volition the Editor-in-Chief consider the add-on, deletion or rearrangement of authors after the manuscript has been accustomed. While the Editor considers the request, publication of the manuscript will be suspended. If the manuscript has already been published in an online issue, whatever requests canonical by the Editor-in-Chief will outcome in a blunder.

Article transfer service
This journal is office of our Article Transfer Service. This means that if the Editor feels your article is more suitable in ane of our other participating journals, then you lot may be asked to consider transferring the article to one of those. If y'all agree, your commodity will be transferred automatically on your behalf with no need to reformat. Delight note that your article volition exist reviewed once again past the new periodical. More information.

Copyright

Upon acceptance of an article, authors will exist asked to complete a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' (see more information on this). An email will be sent to the respective writer confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Periodical Publishing Agreement' form or a link to the online version of this agreement.

Subscribers may reproduce tables of contents or prepare lists of manufactures including abstracts for internal circulation inside their institutions. Permission of the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution and for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations. If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(due south) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases.

For gold open admission articles: Upon credence of an commodity, authors will be asked to complete a 'License Agreement' (more information). Permitted third party reuse of gilded open up access articles is determined by the author's choice of user license.

Author rights
As an author you (or your employer or establishment) have certain rights to reuse your work. More information.

Elsevier supports responsible sharing
Find out how yous tin share your research published in Elsevier journals.

Role of the funding source

You lot are requested to identify who provided financial support for the comport of the research and/or training of the commodity and to briefly depict the role of the sponsor(s), if any, in report pattern; in the collection, analysis and estimation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication. If the funding source(southward) had no such interest, it is recommended to country this.

Elsevier Researcher University
Researcher Academy is a free e-learning platform designed to support early and mid-career researchers throughout their research journeying. The "Learn" environment at Researcher Academy offers several interactive modules, webinars, downloadable guides and resources to guide y'all through the process of writing for research and going through peer review. Experience gratuitous to employ these gratis resources to improve your submission and navigate the publication process with ease.

Language (usage and editing services)
Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted, only not a mixture of these). Authors who feel their English language manuscript may crave editing to eliminate possible grammatical or spelling errors and to conform to correct scientific English may wish to use the English Language Editing service available from Elsevier's Author Services.

Submission

Submission of papers proceeds fully online via https://www.editorialmanager.com/rser/default.aspx You lot will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of the diverse files. The system automatically converts source files to a unmarried Adobe Acrobat PDF version of the commodity, which is used in the peer-review process. Delight note that even though manuscript source files are converted to PDF at submission for the review procedure, these source files are needed for further processing after acceptance. Correspondence takes place online simply via email.

Submission language: English language (Link to the Oxford English Dictionary http://dictionary.oed.com/entrance.dtl)

English help service : Available via Elsevier's Webshop: https://webshop.elsevier.com/language-editing-services/language-editing/

Corresponding author: Clearly indicate who is responsible for correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, including post-publication. Ensure that your email address, telephone number (with country and expanse code) and total postal address are provided.

Co-author: Total postal addresses must be given for all co-authors. Please consult a recent journal paper for way if possible.

Original fabric: Submission of an commodity implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or every bit part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not nether consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and that, if accustomed, it volition non be published elsewhere in the same class, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the Publisher.

Editor's requirements: No special requirements for this periodical.

Suggesting reviewers
Please submit the names and institutional e-mail addresses of several potential reviewers.

Yous should not suggest reviewers who are colleagues, or who take co-authored or collaborated with yous during the last iii years. Editors do not invite reviewers who have potential competing interests with the authors. Further, in order to provide a broad and counterbalanced assessment of the work, and ensure scientific rigor, please suggest diverse candidate reviewers who are located in dissimilar countries/regions from the writer group. Also consider other diversity attributes e.g. gender, race and ethnicity, career stage, etc. Finally, you lot should not include existing members of the journal'due south editorial team, of whom the periodical are already aware.

Annotation: the editor decides whether or not to invite your suggested reviewers.

Boosted Information

Detailed instructions on manuscript preparation and artwork instructions can be plant below. The editor reserves the right to render manuscripts that practice not conform to the instructions for manuscript grooming and artwork educational activity, besides as paper that do not fit the scope of the journal, prior to refereeing.

Queries

For questions about the editorial process (including the status of manuscripts under review) or for technical back up on submissions, delight visit our Support Centre.

Peer review

This journal operates a unmarried anonymized review procedure. All contributions will be initially assessed past the editor for suitability for the periodical. Papers accounted suitable are and so typically sent to a minimum of 2 independent expert reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the newspaper. The Editor is responsible for the final decision regarding acceptance or rejection of manufactures. The Editor's determination is final. Editors are non involved in decisions about papers which they have written themselves or have been written by family members or colleagues or which relate to products or services in which the editor has an involvement. Any such submission is subject to all of the journal's usual procedures, with peer review handled independently of the relevant editor and their research groups. More data on types of peer review.

Use of word processing software
It is of import that the file be saved in the native format of the word processor used. The text should be in single-column format. Keep the layout of the text as elementary as possible. Nigh formatting codes volition be removed and replaced on processing the article. In particular, practice not utilize the word processor'due south options to justify text or to hyphenate words. Nevertheless, do utilise assuming face, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. When preparing tables, if you are using a table grid, use just 1 grid for each private table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns. The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts (see also the Guide to Publishing with Elsevier). Annotation that source files of figures, tables and text graphics will be required whether or non yous embed your figures in the text. Come across also the department on Electronic artwork.
To avoid unnecessary errors you lot are strongly brash to use the 'spell-bank check' and 'grammer-bank check' functions of your word processor.

LaTeX
Yous are recommended to apply the latest Elsevier commodity class to prepare your manuscript and BibTeX to generate your bibliography.
Our Guidelines has full details.

Article structure

Subdivision - numbered sections

Divide your article into conspicuously defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1, one.1.2, ...), one.2, etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not simply refer to 'the text'. Whatsoever subsection may exist given a brief heading. Each heading should announced on its own separate line. Line Numbering: RSER journal is automatic line numbering feature enabled, therefore authors are requested to submit their source files without line numbers.

Introduction
State the objectives of the piece of work and provide an acceptable background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.

Material and methods
Provide sufficient details to permit the piece of work to be reproduced by an independent researcher. Methods that are already published should be summarized, and indicated by a reference. If quoting directly from a previously published method, apply quotation marks and also cite the source. Any modifications to existing methods should also be described.

Theory/adding
A Theory section should extend, not echo, the background to the article already dealt with in the Introduction and lay the foundation for farther work. In contrast, a Calculation section represents a applied evolution from a theoretical basis.

Results
Results should exist clear and concise.

Discussion
This should explore the significance of the results of the work, non echo them. A combined Results and Give-and-take section is often appropriate. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.

Conclusions
The main conclusions of the study may exist presented in a curt Conclusions section, which may stand alone or course a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section.

Data Availability
Authors are encouraged to include a 'Data Availability' section in their manuscript which is visible in ALL reading formats and may refer to data hosted in Whatever repository. Information technology should be placed before the references to provide readers with information about where they can obtain the research data required to reproduce the work reported in the manuscript, and typically consists of a simple sentence giving the URL(s) of and citation(s) to the dataset(s). Full information tin exist plant here.

Appendices
If there is more than than 1 appendix, they should be identified every bit A, B, etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should be given divide numbering: Eq. (A.one), Eq. (A.two), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq. (B.i) and and so on. Similarly for tables and figures: Table A.1; Fig. A.1, etc.

Essential title page information

Championship. Concise and informative. Titles are oftentimes used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.
Author names and affiliations. Please clearly point the given name(southward) and family name(south) of each author and check that all names are accurately spelled. Y'all can add your proper name between parentheses in your own script behind the English language transliteration. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript alphabetic character immediately afterwards the author's name and in front end of the advisable accost. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name and, if bachelor, the e-mail address of each writer.
Corresponding author. Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. This responsibleness includes answering whatever future queries most Methodology and Materials. Ensure that the east-mail address is given and that contact details are kept upwardly to appointment by the corresponding author.
Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a 'Nowadays address' (or 'Permanent accost') may be indicated as a footnote to that author's name. The address at which the author really did the work must exist retained every bit the main, amalgamation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.

Highlights

Highlights are mandatory for this periodical as they assist increase the discoverability of your commodity via search engines. They consist of a short collection of bullet points that capture the novel results of your research as well as new methods that were used during the report (if whatsoever). Please have a wait at the examples hither: case Highlights.

Highlights should exist submitted in a separate editable file in the online submission system. Please apply 'Highlights' in the file name and include three to 5 bullet points (maximum 85 characters, including spaces, per bullet indicate).

Abstract

A curtailed and factual abstract is required,we recommend a maximum of 250 words with no abbreviations or acronyms. The abstruse should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and major conclusions/key findings and land any next steps. An abstract is ofttimes presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, references should not be used in the abstruse. Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their outset mention in the abstract itself. Avert unnecessary use of abbreviations.

KEYWORDS
Immediately after the abstract, provide a minimum of half dozen keywords, using American spelling and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for instance, 'and', 'of'). Exist sparing with abbreviations: merely abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords volition be used for indexing purposes.

Abbreviations
Provide a list of abbreviations, units and nomenclature underneath the keywords in the manuscript.

Acknowledgements
Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the stop of the article before the references. Do not include any acknowledgements on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List in the acknowledgements of whatever individuals who provided assist during the research (due east.k., providing language help, writing help or proof reading the article, etc.).

Formatting of funding sources
Listing funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance to funder's requirements:

Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy]; the Beak & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [grant number zzzz]; and the United States Institutes of Peace [grant number aaaa].

It is not necessary to include detailed descriptions on the program or type of grants and awards. When funding is from a block grant or other resources available to a university, college, or other research institution, submit the name of the found or organization that provided the funding.

If no funding has been provided for the research, it is recommended to include the following sentence:

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Units
Follow internationally accustomed rules and conventions: utilise the international organisation of units (SI). If other units are mentioned, please requite their equivalent in SI.

Math formulae
Please submit math equations as editable text and not as images. Nowadays simple formulae in line with normal text where possible and employ the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small fractional terms, e.g., X/Y. In principle, variables are to exist presented in italics. Powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp. Number consecutively any equations that accept to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text).

Footnotes
Footnotes should be used very sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout the article. Many give-and-take processors tin build footnotes into the text, and this feature may exist used. Otherwise, please indicate the position of footnotes in the text and list the footnotes themselves separately at the end of the article. Do non include footnotes in the Listing of References.

Artwork

Electronic Artwork
Full general points
• Brand sure y'all employ compatible lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
• Embed the used fonts if the awarding provides that option.
• Embed the artwork in the main body of the manuscript where it is referred to in the text.
• Aim to use the following fonts in your illustrations: Arial, Courier, Times New Roman, Symbol, or use fonts that look similar.
• Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
• Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
• Provide captions to illustrations separately.
• Size the illustrations close to the desired dimensions of the published version.
• Submit each illustration as a dissever file.
A detailed guide on electronic artwork is bachelor.
You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here.
Formats
If your electronic artwork is created in a Microsoft Office application (Word, PowerPoint, Excel) and so please supply 'as is' in the native document format.
Regardless of the application used other than Microsoft Office, when your electronic artwork is finalized, please 'Salvage as' or catechumen the images to one of the post-obit formats (annotation the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given beneath):
EPS (or PDF): Vector drawings, embed all used fonts.
TIFF (or JPEG): Colour or grayscale photographs (halftones), keep to a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF (or JPEG): Bitmapped (pure black & white pixels) line drawings, keep to a minimum of m dpi.
TIFF (or JPEG): Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale), proceed to a minimum of 500 dpi.
Please practise non:
• Supply files that are optimized for screen use (e.g., GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); these typically have a depression number of pixels and limited gear up of colors;
• Supply files that are likewise low in resolution;
• Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.

Color artwork
Please make certain that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF (or JPEG), EPS (or PDF) or MS Function files) and with the right resolution. If, together with your accustomed commodity, you submit usable color figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no boosted charge, that these figures volition appear in color online (east.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) in addition to color reproduction in print. Further information on the training of electronic artwork.

Figure captions
Ensure that each illustration has a explanation. Supply captions separately, not attached to the figure. A caption should comprise a brief championship (not on the figure itself) and a clarification of the illustration. Continue text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.

Tables

Delight submit tables equally editable text and not as images. Tables must be placed next to the relevant text in the main body of the manuscript. Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text and place whatever tabular array notes below the table body. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the information presented in them do non duplicate results described elsewhere in the commodity. Please avoid using vertical rules and shading in table cells.

References

Citation in text
Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is besides nowadays in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstruse must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are non recommended in the reference list, just may exist mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference way of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication appointment with either 'Unpublished results' or 'Personal communication'. Citation of a reference equally 'in press' implies that the item has been accepted for publication.

Web references
As a minimum, the total URL should be given and the date when the reference was terminal accessed. Any further data, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should as well be given. Web references can exist listed separately (eastward.g., later on the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or tin can exist included in the reference list.

Data references
This journal encourages you to cite underlying or relevant datasets in your manuscript by citing them in your text and including a data reference in your Reference List. Data references should include the following elements: author name(s), dataset title, data repository, version (where bachelor), year, and global persistent identifier. Add [dataset] immediately before the reference so we can properly place it equally a information reference. The [dataset] identifier will not appear in your published article.

References in a special issue
Please ensure that the words 'this consequence' are added to whatever references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.

Reference management software
Virtually Elsevier journals take their reference template available in many of the well-nigh pop reference management software products. These include all products that support Citation Mode Language styles, such as Mendeley. Using citation plug-ins from these products, authors simply need to select the appropriate journal template when preparing their article, afterward which citations and bibliographies volition be automatically formatted in the journal's style. If no template is nevertheless available for this journal, please follow the format of the sample references and citations equally shown in this Guide. If you apply reference management software, please ensure that you remove all field codes before submitting the electronic manuscript. More information on how to remove field codes from different reference management software.

Reference Way
Text: Point references by number(s) in square brackets in line with the text. The actual authors can be referred to, but the reference number(southward) must always be given. If this style is not used a manuscript will be desk rejected.
List: Number the references (numbers in foursquare brackets) in the list in the club in which they appear in the text.
Examples:
Reference to a periodical publication:
[1] Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific article. J Sci Commun 2010;163:51–ix.
Reference to a book:
[2] Strunk Jr Due west, White EB. The elements of style. fourth ed. New York: Longman; 2000.
Reference to a chapter in an edited book:
[3] Mettam GR, Adams LB. How to prepare an electronic version of your article. In: Jones BS, Smith RZ, editors. Introduction to the electronic age, New York: Due east-Publishing Inc; 2009, p. 281–304.
Reference to a website:
[four] Cancer Enquiry Uk. Cancer statistics reports for the UK, http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/; 2003 [accessed 13 March 2003].
Reference to a dataset:
[5] Oguro M, Imahiro S, Saito S, Nakashizuka T. Bloodshed data for Japanese oak wilt disease and surrounding forest compositions, Mendeley Data, v1; 2015. https://doi.org/ten.17632/xwj98nb39r.1.
Note shortened course for concluding page number. e.yard., 51–ix, and that for more than 6 authors the first 6 should be listed followed by 'et al.' For further details you are referred to 'Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts submitted to Biomedical Journals' (J Am Med Assoc 1997;277:927–34) (see also Samples of Formatted References).

Journal abbreviations source
Journal names should be abbreviated according to the List of Championship Word Abbreviations.

Video

Elsevier accepts video material and blitheness sequences to back up and enhance your scientific research. Authors who have video or animation files that they wish to submit with their article are strongly encouraged to include links to these inside the body of the article. This tin be done in the same style every bit a figure or tabular array by referring to the video or animation content and noting in the body text where it should exist placed. All submitted files should be properly labeled so that they directly relate to the video file's content. In order to ensure that your video or animation fabric is directly usable, delight provide the file in one of our recommended file formats with a preferred maximum size of 150 MB per file, ane GB in total. Video and animation files supplied will exist published online in the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect. Please supply 'stills' with your files: you lot can cull whatsoever frame from the video or animation or brand a split up epitome. These volition be used instead of standard icons and volition personalize the link to your video data. For more than detailed instructions please visit our video instruction pages. Note: since video and animation cannot be embedded in the impress version of the journal, please provide text for both the electronic and the print version for the portions of the article that refer to this content.

Data visualization

Include interactive data visualizations in your publication and let your readers interact and engage more closely with your research. Follow the instructions hither to find out well-nigh bachelor data visualization options and how to include them with your article.

Supplementary material

Supplementary material such as applications, images and sound clips, tin be published with your article to raise it. Submitted supplementary items are published exactly as they are received (Excel or PowerPoint files volition announced as such online). Please submit your material together with the commodity and supply a curtailed, descriptive caption for each supplementary file. If you wish to brand changes to supplementary material during any phase of the process, please make sure to provide an updated file. Do non annotate whatsoever corrections on a previous version. Delight switch off the 'Track Changes' selection in Microsoft Office files as these will appear in the published version.

Enquiry data

This journal encourages and enables you lot to share data that supports your research publication where appropriate, and enables you to interlink the data with your published articles. Inquiry data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate enquiry findings. To facilitate reproducibility and data reuse, this journal also encourages you to share your software, code, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the project.

Below are a number of means in which yous can associate information with your article or make a statement about the availability of your data when submitting your manuscript. If you lot are sharing information in one of these ways, you lot are encouraged to cite the data in your manuscript and reference listing. Delight refer to the "References" section for more information about data citation. For more than data on depositing, sharing and using enquiry data and other relevant enquiry materials, visit the research data folio.

Data linking
If you have made your enquiry information available in a data repository, you tin can link your article directly to the dataset. Elsevier collaborates with a number of repositories to link articles on ScienceDirect with relevant repositories, giving readers access to underlying information that gives them a meliorate understanding of the research described.

There are different ways to link your datasets to your article. When available, you can directly link your dataset to your article by providing the relevant information in the submission system. For more than data, visit the database linking page.

For supported data repositories a repository imprint will automatically appear next to your published article on ScienceDirect.

In improver, you lot can link to relevant data or entities through identifiers within the text of your manuscript, using the post-obit format: Database: xxxx (e.k., TAIR: AT1G01020; CCDC: 734053; PDB: 1XFN).

Mendeley Data
This journal supports Mendeley Data, enabling you lot to eolith whatsoever research data (including raw and processed data, video, lawmaking, software, algorithms, protocols, and methods) associated with your manuscript in a free-to-utilise, open access repository. During the submission procedure, after uploading your manuscript, you will have the opportunity to upload your relevant datasets straight to Mendeley Information. The datasets volition be listed and directly accessible to readers side by side to your published commodity online.

For more information, visit the Mendeley Data for journals page.

To maximise the visibility of your information, authors are invited to add together a citation to their datasets by including a data reference in their Reference List as per the 'Information References' instructions elsewhere on this page.

Data in Cursory
You have the option of converting any or all parts of your supplementary or additional raw data into a information commodity published in Information in Cursory. A information article is a new kind of commodity that ensures that your data are actively reviewed, curated, formatted, indexed, given a DOI and made publicly available to all upon publication (watch this video describing the benefits of publishing your data in Data in Brief). You are encouraged to submit your data article for Data in Brief as an additional detail direct alongside the revised version of your manuscript. If your research article is accustomed, your data article will automatically exist transferred over to Information in Brief where information technology volition be editorially reviewed, published open access and linked to your research article on ScienceDirect. Delight annotation an open admission fee is payable for publication in Data in Cursory. Full details can be found on the Data in Brief website. Please use this template to write your Data in Brief data commodity.

MethodsX
You have the option of converting relevant protocols and methods into one or multiple MethodsX articles, a new kind of article that describes the details of customized research methods. Many researchers spend a significant amount of time on developing methods to fit their specific needs or setting, but often without getting credit for this part of their work. MethodsX, an open admission journal, now publishes this information in order to make information technology searchable, peer reviewed, citable and reproducible. Authors are encouraged to submit their MethodsX article every bit an additional item directly alongside the revised version of their manuscript. If your research article is accepted, your methods article volition automatically be transferred over to MethodsX where it volition be editorially reviewed. Please annotation an open up admission fee is payable for publication in MethodsX. Full details can be found on the MethodsX website. Delight utilise the methods template or protocol template to prepare your MethodsX commodity.

Data statement
To foster transparency, we encourage you to state the availability of your information in your submission. This may be a requirement of your funding body or institution. If your data is unavailable to access or unsuitable to post, you volition have the opportunity to indicate why during the submission process, for instance past stating that the enquiry data is confidential. The statement will announced with your published article on ScienceDirect. For more than information, visit the Data Statement page.

Online proof correction

To ensure a fast publication process of the commodity, nosotros kindly ask authors to provide us with their proof corrections inside 2 days. Respective authors will receive an electronic mail with a link to our online proofing organisation, allowing annotation and correction of proofs online. The environment is similar to MS Word: in improver to editing text, you can also comment on figures/tables and answer questions from the Copy Editor. Web-based proofing provides a faster and less fault-decumbent process by allowing you to directly blazon your corrections, eliminating the potential introduction of errors.
If preferred, you tin can notwithstanding cull to annotate and upload your edits on the PDF version. All instructions for proofing volition be given in the due east-post we send to authors, including alternative methods to the online version and PDF.
We will do everything possible to get your article published quickly and accurately. Please use this proof only for checking the typesetting, editing, completeness and correctness of the text, tables and figures. Significant changes to the article as accepted for publication volition only exist considered at this stage with permission from the Editor. It is important to ensure that all corrections are sent back to us in ane communication. Please check carefully earlier replying, every bit inclusion of whatsoever subsequent corrections cannot exist guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility.

Offprints

The respective author volition, at no cost, receive a customized Share Link providing 50 days complimentary access to the final published version of the article on ScienceDirect. The Share Link can be used for sharing the commodity via any communication aqueduct, including electronic mail and social media. For an extra charge, paper offprints tin can be ordered via the offprint order form which is sent once the article is accepted for publication. Both corresponding and co-authors may order offprints at whatever time via Elsevier's Writer Services. Respective authors who have published their article gold open access exercise non receive a Share Link as their final published version of the article is available open up access on ScienceDirect and tin can be shared through the commodity DOI link.

For questions about the editorial process (including the status of manuscripts under review) or for technical support on submissions, please visit our Back up Center- Elsevier Support Centre

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Source: https://www.elsevier.com/journals/renewable-and-sustainable-energy-reviews/1364-0321/guide-for-authors

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